Where the properties are assumed to be multiplied together. That is, if the original conditions are labeled P 1 and V 1 and the new conditions are labeled P 2 and V 2, we have P 1 V 1 = constant = P 2 V 2 If either volume or pressure changes while amount and temperature stay the same, then the other property must change so that the product of the two properties still equals that same constant. If you take the pressure value and multiply it by the volume value, the product is a constant for a given amount of gas at a constant temperature: P × V = constant at constant n and T There is more to it, however: pressure and volume of a given amount of gas at constant temperature are numerically related. We say that pressure and volume are inversely related. Scientists noted that for a given amount of a gas (usually expressed in units of moles ), if the temperature ( T) of the gas was kept constant, pressure and volume were related: As one increases, the other decreases. Take pressure ( P) and volume ( V), for example. When seventeenth-century scientists began studying the physical properties of gases, they noticed some simple relationships between some of the measurable properties of the gas. Learn what is meant by the term gas laws.
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